Energy & Natural Resources

Careers focused on energy generation and infrastructure development from clean energy sources such as low carbon fuels, natural gas, nuclear, biofuels, hydrogen processes, and other alternative sources aimed at addressing climate change impacts. Professionals in this field develop and implement technologies that harness natural elements including solar, nuclear, wind, and hydro power, while advancing efforts in electrification and energy storage solutions. This Sub-Cluster also includes recycling of batteries and waste, carbon capture, and other energy and mineral reuse and reclamation.

Example Programs of Study

• Renewable Energy
• Electric Vehicle Installation & Maintenance
• Solar System Design & Installation
• Wind Turbine Installation & Maintenance

Careers rooted in environmental and natural sciences, focusing on protecting and managing natural resources and landscapes. Professionals in this field operate local, state, and national parks; safeguard forests and waterways; maintain national lands and rangelands; and manage wildlife and marine life. This field merges ecological conservation with recreational spaces, aiming to preserve nature while enhancing community well-being and environmental stewardship through public accessibility.

Example Programs of Study

• GIS Mapping
• Natural Resource Conservation
• Wildlife Management

Careers emphasizing the scientific study of and research in ecological, geological, electrical, chemical, nuclear, biological, environmental engineering, and other sciences as they relate to energy production, sustainability, and the management of natural resources. Professionals in this field employ scientific methods to understand ecosystems, biodiversity, and the impacts of energy systems on the environment.   

Example Programs of Study

• Environmental Engineering
• Environmental Management
• Environmental Science & Sustainability

Careers centered on regulating and managing the impacts of both natural processes and human activities, such as resource production and consumption. This Sub-Cluster involves developing and enforcing policies to protect all ecosystems, including space, air, land, and water, from natural disasters, pollution, and degradation. This field focuses on conserving natural habitats and biodiversity and applying scientific and engineering principles to solve environmental problems and improve climate resilience.

Example Programs of Study

• Climate Resilience
• Sustainable Communities

Careers focused on the efficient extraction of natural materials including fossil fuels, minerals, natural gas, and geothermal resources that are essential for fuel production in energy and manufacturing. This Sub-Cluster includes careers in exploration, drilling, mining, fracking, mineral processing, geoscience, quarrying, and petroleum engineering.

Example Programs of Study

• Clean Energy System Design
• Energy Transfer
• Mining Technology

Careers involving the transmission and maintenance of utility systems for clean and alternative energy, electricity, water, waste remediation, and telecom/broadband; distribution and infrastructure development; and storage. Professionals in this field ensure reliable connectivity to energy sources, energy efficiency, and other essential services. Opportunities exist in public utilities, as well as commercial and industrial companies, with a focus on operations, maintenance, and security of systems to guarantee uninterrupted access to vital resources.

Example Programs of Study

• Telecommunications
• Water & Wastewater Systems
• Plant Operations
• Underground or Overhead Linework
• Utility Maintenance and Repair

Examples intended to show potential alignment with currently existing state or local secondary or postsecondary programs of study and provide inspiration for the expansion and innovation of future programs. Please note that the programs of study mentioned in the Framework are purely illustrative, are not comprehensive, and may vary from state to state. States or local institutions are encouraged to demonstrate for learners which specific programs are offered instead.